CodeInterpreter

class CodeInterpreter()

Handles code interpretation and execution within a Sandbox. Currently supports only Python.

This class provides methods to execute code in isolated interpreter contexts, manage contexts, and stream execution output via callbacks. If subsequent code executions are performed in the same context, the variables, imports, and functions defined in the previous execution will be available.

For other languages, use the code_run method from the Process interface, or execute the appropriate command directly in the sandbox terminal.

CodeInterpreter.__init__

def __init__(api_client: InterpreterApi, ensure_toolbox_url: Callable[[],
                                                                      None])

Initialize a new CodeInterpreter instance.

Arguments:

• api_client - API client for interpreter operations.
• ensure_toolbox_url - Ensures the toolbox API URL is initialized.

CodeInterpreter.run_code

@intercept_errors(message_prefix="Failed to run code: ")
def run_code(code: str,
             *,
             context: Optional[InterpreterContext] = None,
             on_stdout: Optional[OutputHandler[OutputMessage]] = None,
             on_stderr: Optional[OutputHandler[OutputMessage]] = None,
             on_error: Optional[OutputHandler[ExecutionError]] = None,
             envs: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
             timeout: Optional[int] = None) -> ExecutionResult

Execute Python code in the sandbox.

By default, code runs in the default shared context which persists variables, imports, and functions across executions. To run in an isolated context, create a new context with create_context() and pass it as context argument.

Arguments:

• code str - Code to execute.
• context Optional[InterpreterContext] - Context to run code in. If not provided, uses default context.
• on_stdout Optional[OutputHandler[OutputMessage]] - Callback for stdout messages.
• on_stderr Optional[OutputHandler[OutputMessage]] - Callback for stderr messages.
• on_error Optional[OutputHandler[ExecutionError]] - Callback for execution errors (e.g., syntax errors, runtime errors).
• envs Optional[Dict[str, str]] - Environment variables for this execution.
• timeout Optional[int] - Timeout in seconds. 0 means no timeout. Default is 10 minutes.

Returns:

• ExecutionResult - Result object containing stdout, stderr and error if any.

Raises:

• DaytonaTimeoutError - If execution times out.
• DaytonaError - If execution fails due to communication or other SDK errors.

Examples:

def handle_stdout(msg: OutputMessage):
    print(f"STDOUT: {msg.output}", end="")

def handle_stderr(msg: OutputMessage):
    print(f"STDERR: {msg.output}", end="")

def handle_error(err: ExecutionError):
    print(f"ERROR: {err.name}: {err.value}")

code = '''
import sys
import time
for i in range(5):
    print(i)
    time.sleep(1)
sys.stderr.write("Counting done!")
'''
result = sandbox.code_interpreter.run_code(
    code=code,
    on_stdout=handle_stdout,
    on_stderr=handle_stderr,
    on_error=handle_error,
    timeout=10
)

CodeInterpreter.create_context

@intercept_errors(message_prefix="Failed to create interpreter context: ")
def create_context(cwd: Optional[str] = None) -> InterpreterContext

Create a new isolated interpreter context.

Contexts provide isolated execution environments with their own global namespace. Variables, imports, and functions defined in one context don’t affect others.

Arguments:

• cwd Optional[str] - Working directory for the context. If not specified, uses sandbox working directory.

Returns:

• InterpreterContext - The created context with its ID and metadata.

Raises:

• DaytonaError - If context creation fails.

Examples:

# Create isolated context
ctx = sandbox.code_interpreter.create_context()

# Execute code in this context
sandbox.code_interpreter.run_code("x = 100", context=ctx)

# Variable only exists in this context
result = sandbox.code_interpreter.run_code("print(x)", context=ctx)  # OK

# Won't see the variable in default context
result = sandbox.code_interpreter.run_code("print(x)")  # NameError

# Clean up
sandbox.code_interpreter.delete_context(ctx)

CodeInterpreter.list_contexts

@intercept_errors(message_prefix="Failed to list interpreter contexts: ")
def list_contexts() -> List[InterpreterContext]

List all user-created interpreter contexts.

The default context is not included in this list. Only contexts created via create_context() are returned.

Returns:

• List[InterpreterContext] - List of context objects.

Raises:

• DaytonaError - If listing fails.

Examples:

contexts = sandbox.code_interpreter.list_contexts()
for ctx in contexts:
    print(f"Context {ctx.id}: {ctx.language} at {ctx.cwd}")

CodeInterpreter.delete_context

@intercept_errors(message_prefix="Failed to delete interpreter context: ")
def delete_context(context: InterpreterContext) -> None

Delete an interpreter context and shut down all associated processes.

This permanently removes the context and all its state (variables, imports, etc.). The default context cannot be deleted.

Arguments:

• context InterpreterContext - Context to delete.

Raises:

• DaytonaError - If deletion fails or context not found.

Examples:

ctx = sandbox.code_interpreter.create_context()
# ... use context ...
sandbox.code_interpreter.delete_context(ctx)

OutputMessage

class OutputMessage(BaseModel)

Represents stdout or stderr output from code execution.

Attributes:

• output - The output content.

ExecutionError

class ExecutionError(BaseModel)

Represents an error that occurred during code execution.

Attributes:

• name - The error type/class name (e.g., “ValueError”, “SyntaxError”).
• value - The error value.
• traceback - Full traceback of the error.

ExecutionResult

class ExecutionResult(BaseModel)

Result of code execution.

Attributes:

• stdout - Standard output from the code execution.
• stderr - Standard error output from the code execution.
• error - Error details if execution failed, None otherwise.